The rating agency in Beijing, July 4 / April 21st issue of "the economist" magazine published Paul Makiy's comment on "third industrial revolution", the article thinks, "the first industrial revolution in the late eighteenth Century in the UK, in the textile industry mechanization features. In subsequent decades, the use of machine instead of Handmade products such as sparks of fire technology began to spread throughout the world. The second industrial revolution began in the early twentieth Century of the United States, marked by the streamline. Production line production has created a large-scale production era. With the digitization of production, the third industrial revolution is now in full swing. " The author asserts that with the acceleration of the digitalization of manufacturing industry, the number of employees directly engaged in production will decrease, and the proportion of labor costs will also decrease. The whole manufacturing sector will be renewed, and the high-end manufacturing industry will return to the embrace of developed countries.

Jiefang Daily published an article by Chen Jianxun, an associate research fellow at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Department of economic research. It said that for Shanghai in the period of industrial transformation, how to make good use of the third industrial revolution opportunities should become a key research topic.

First of all, we should fully study the main features of the industrial revolution.

First, it changed the original investment way of the manufacturing industry. The rise of the traditional industrial civilization is based on a large number of natural resources investment as the basis, but with the development of modern science and technology revolution, the continuous emergence of new materials, 3D printing technology widely, robots are more and more convenient to be used, which will enable us to take fewer natural resources and human resources, to achieve economies of scale. Effect. In this way, production will be more flexible and labor input will be less. Secondly, the future manufacturing industry will be far away from the large-scale manufacturing model and move closer to a more personalized production model. The additional manufacturing technology based on the virtual manufacturing technology has begun to be used in the personalized production of the products. As in the 3D printer to print out the drawings, in accordance with the requirements of individual as a design model, specializing in the production of auto parts, personalized customized iPhone mobile phone, according to the shape of ear hearing aid users tailored products, mold manufacturing by 3D printer cast or directly using more and more printable materials for production, will become a trend. Thirdly, the technological elements of the manufacturing industry and the allocation of market factors have revolutionized, and the birth cycle of the giant multinational companies will be shorter and shorter. Manufacturing enterprises can obtain all kinds of production need through online collaboration services, so that the allocation of factors of production costs to a minimum; all kinds of professional product sales through the Internet and other new logistics means of information dissemination, to have the latest consumer goods can be sold around the world in a short period of time; a new way of resource allocation to let the small and medium-sized enterprises and private entrepreneurs to launch new products become easy and manufacture and lower cost of sales. Fourthly, the integration of manufacturing and service industries is becoming more and more high, and a number of new high-tech services have emerged. With the revolutionary progress of digital information technology, the relationship between service industry and manufacturing industry is becoming more and more closely. The boundary of industry is more and more blurred. At the same time, the development of digitalization brings the reconstruction of original service sector.

In addition, we should follow up on the changes brought by the industrial revolution to the industrial form of Shanghai.

Affected by the industrial revolution, Shanghai is the rise of a number of new technologies, new formats, new models for the characteristics of the new enterprise, they as the main body of Shanghai independent innovation and industrial development, play the "after the financial crisis of a new round of innovation is the engine of economic development. "New business" such as emerging e-commerce, digital content and cultural creativity, and perception of information networking and other fields, is a "brain + computer" as the main feature, based on Internet and information technology platform, with "business model innovation + technology integration and innovation as the support. These enterprises are born with the market demand, and have strong self integration, self expanding ability, strong vitality and good explosive. The "three new" enterprise competitive advantage is mainly reflected in the technology innovation, business model innovation, business conditions. "High quality management team three new enterprise", gathering a large number of knowledge workers, have solid professional skills and rich experience in international competition. They combine the elements of "high tech + capital" as the driving force of development, and realize the high integration of manufacturing, high technology service and financial industry. Many enterprises in the support of venture capital in domestic and overseas capital markets, most companies have received venture capital equity investment, many companies have equity financing billions of dollars, to show the strong adsorption capacity of three capital enterprises ". On the importance of production scale at the same time, the "new enterprise" to pay particular attention to the brand cultivation, their brand influence to expand the market, to flow, the popularity and brand capital, has the performance of rapid growth and explosive growth potential. It can be expected that the future of giant multinationals will be born in the "new enterprise".